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= = =This wiki is designed to make review of French easy.= Let's start with some basic grammar and some rules:

Nouns:

 * Nouns in French are either masculine or feminine. You can't tell by their spelling, so you need to always remember that learning a new noun requires you to memorize with its gender and its meaning. Like this: **le chien** (dog). The definite article, //le,// lets you see that this is mascline. **la bibliotheque** (library). The definite article//, la,// lets you know that this noun is feminine.
 * Sometimes the definite article is shortened to //l'// in front of a vowel or h, and then you can't tell the gender. Like this: **l'hotel, l'image, l'aerogare.** You'll need to then memorize the gender.
 * Most nouns become plural by adding the letter "s" to the end. **les filles, les livres, les examens.** Notice that the definite articles has changed to a plural form. Nouns that end in **-eau** become plural by adding **x.** Like this: un chateau, des chateaux.
 * Nouns ending in **-al** change those last two letters to **-aux.** Like this: un animal; des animaux.
 * Did you notice a new article? The //indefinite articles// **un, une, des** mean //a, an, some.// None of them shorten before a vowel or "h."

Adjectives:

 * Adjectives in French agree **in number and** gender with the nouns they describe.
 * Most adjectives follow the noun they describe.
 * Some adjectives that are simple will precede the noun. Examples include: grand, petit, beau, vieux, nouveau, gentil, mauvais, gros, bon.
 * To make an adjective feminine, we typically add an **-e** to the masculine singular form.
 * To make an adjective masculine plural, add an **-s** unless it already ends in **-s.**
 * To make an adjective feminine plural, add **-es** to the masculine plural.
 * A few adjectives are irregular, and may be found in this chart below:
 * Masculine Singular || Masc. S. before a vowel or an ‘h’ || Feminine singular || Masculine Plural || Feminine Singular ||
 * Beau || Bel || Belle || Beaux || Belles ||
 * Bon || Bon || Bonne || Bons || Belles ||
 * Nouveau || Nouvel || Nouvelle || Nouveaux || Nouvelles ||
 * Vieux || Vieil || vieille || Vieux || vieilles ||

Verbs:

 * The simple thing is that verbs are either regular or irregular.
 * Regular verbs come in three varieties, ending in: -er, -ir, or -re.
 * In order to conjugate a verb (That means, making it usable to show action in a sentence), we start by dropping the last two letters of the infinitive.
 * We then place this stem into a chart with the pronouns, like this one for -er verbs in the present tense:
 * Singulier || Pluriel  ||
 * 1. je stem + e || 1. nous stem + ons ||
 * 2. tu stem + es || 2. vous stem + ez ||
 * 3. il/elle stem + e || 3. ils/elles stem + ent ||
 * Here's the chart for -re verbs in the present tense:
 * Singulier ||   Pluriel   ||
 * 1. je stem + s  ||  1. nous stem + ons  ||
 * 2. tu stem + s ||  2. vous stem + ez  ||
 * 3. il/elle stem ||  3. ils/elles stem + ent  ||


 * And here's the chart of -ir verbs in the present tense:
 * Singulier ||   Pluriel   ||
 * 1. je stem + is  ||  1. nous stem + issons  ||
 * 2. tu stem + is ||  2. vous stem + issez  ||
 * 3. il/elle stem + it ||  3. ils/elles stem + issent  ||

Je porte = I carry, I do carry, I am carrying
 * Translating the present tense into English:**
 * The present tense in French is quite simple; it tells you that the aciton is happening 'now.'
 * In English, we have three ways of take a single French expression and using it :

Irregular Verbs:
Just when you think French is easy (and it really is!!), along come the most common verbs in the language, and they are irregular. That means that they do not follow the rules listed above. You need to memorize them. That's it. No short cuts. Just copy the charts and tape them around the edge of your bathroom mirror, and it will become easier.

avoir- to have

Pluriel  || 2. vous avez      || aller- to go
 * Singulier ||
 * 1. j' ai   ||  1. nous avons   ||
 * 2. tu as    ||
 * 3. il/elle a ||  3. ils/elles ont   ||

Pluriel  || 1. nous allons   ||
 * Singulier ||
 * 1. je vais  ||
 * 2. tu vas  ||  2. vous allons       ||
 * 3. il/elle va ||  3. ils/elles vont   ||

devoir- to owe, "ought" Pluriel  || dire- to say Pluriel  || dormir- to sleep Pluriel  || écrire – to write
 * Singulier ||
 * 1. je dois      ||  1. nous devons   ||
 * 2. tu doi  s    ||  2. vous devez   ||
 * 3. il/elle doit  ||  3. ils/elles  doivent    ||
 * Singulier ||
 * 1. je di    s    ||  1. nous disons   ||
 * 2. tu dis  ||  2. vous di    tes     ||
 * 3. il/elle dit ||  3. ils/elles disent   ||
 * Singulier ||
 * 1. je dors   ||  1. nous dormons   ||
 * 2. tu dors  ||  2. vous  dormez    ||
 * 3. il/elle dort ||  3. ils/elles dorment   ||
 * Singulier ||  Pluriel  ||
 * 1.  J’ écris  ||   1.   Nous écrivons  ||
 * 2.  Tu écris  || 2. Vous écrivez  ||
 * 3.  Il/elle écrit  ||  3. ils/ elles écrivent  ||

être - to be ( I am, you are, he/she/it is, we are, you are, they are) Pluriel  ||
 * Singulier ||
 * 1. je suis   ||  1. nous sommes   ||
 * 2. tu es  ||  2. vous  êtes    ||
 * 3. il/elle est ||  3. ils/elles sont   ||

faire- to make, to do Pluriel  || lire- to read
 * Singulier ||
 * 1. je fais      ||  1. nous faisons   ||
 * 2. tu fai  s    ||  2. vous fai   tes    ||
 * 3. il/elle fait ||  3. ils/elles f   ont    ||
 * Singulier ||  Pluriel  ||
 * 1.  Je lis  ||   1.   Nous lisons  ||
 * 2  Tu lis  || 2.  Vous lisez  ||
 * 3  Il/elle lit  ||  3. ils/ elles lisent  ||

mettre- to put, to place, to put on, etc. (**Also: promettre - to promise, permettre - to permit, remettre- to remit, to put back)** Pluriel  || partir- to leave
 *  Singulier  ||
 * 1. je met s       ||  1. nous prenons   ||
 * 2. tu met  s    ||  2. vous  prenez    ||
 * 3. il/elle prend ||  3. ils/elles  prennent    ||
 * Singulier ||  Pluriel  ||
 * Je pars || Nous partons  ||
 * Tu pars ||    Vous partez  ||
 * Il/elle part ||  ils/ elles partent  ||

pouvoir- to be able to (can) followed by an infinitive
 * Singulier ||  Pluriel  ||
 * Je peux || Nous lisons  ||
 * Tu peux || Vous lisez  ||
 * Il/elle peut || ils/ elles lisent  ||

prendre - to take **(Also: comprendre- to understand, apprendre- to learn , reprendre- to take back ) **

Pluriel  ||
 * Singulier ||
 * 1. je prend s       ||  1. nous prenons   ||
 * 2. tu prend  s    ||  2. vous  prenez    ||
 * 3. il/elle prend ||  3. ils/elles  prennent    ||

recevoir- to receive
 * Singulier ||  Pluriel  ||
 * Je re ç ois || Nous recevons  ||
 * Tu re ç ois ||    Vous recevez  ||
 * Il/elle re ç oit ||  ils/ elles re ç oivent  ||

servir- to serve
 * Singulier ||  Pluriel  ||
 * Je sers || Nous servons  ||
 * Tu sers ||  Vous servez  ||
 * Il/elle sert ||  ils/ elles servent  ||

sortir- to go out; exit (**(AN EXIT = LA SORTIE )**
 * Singulier ||  Pluriel  ||
 * Je sors || Nous sortons  ||
 * Tu sors ||  Vous sortez  ||
 * Il/elle sort ||  ils/ elles sortent  ||

venir- to come (**Also: devenir - to become , revenir - to come back. Another note: Use the present tense plus de plus and infinitive to express action that just happened! For example: "Je viens de finir mes devoirs," means, " I just finished my homework." )**
 * Singulier ||  Pluriel  ||
 * Je viens || Nous venons  ||
 * Tu viens ||  Vous venez  ||
 * Il/elle vient ||  ils/ elles viennent  ||

voir- to see vouloir- to wish, want
 * Singulier ||  Pluriel  ||
 * Je vois || Nous voyons  ||
 * Tu vois ||  Vous voyez  ||
 * Il/elle voit ||  ils/ elles voient  ||
 * Singulier ||  Pluriel  ||
 * Je veux || Nous voulons  ||
 * Tu veux ||  Vous voulez  ||
 * Il/elle veut ||  ils/ elles veulent  ||

Le passé composé

This tense is used to describe completed past action. Because it is a //composite// tense, you will need both a helping verb and a past participle. Typically, the helping verb is either “avoir” or “être.” Meaning: The translation of: "tu as fini" will be: You finished, you have fnished, you did finish Let’s start with verbs that take “avoir.” These verbs are typically ones that have action that goes directly to a direct object, while the few verbs that take “être” are mostly intransitive verbs. Next, let’s form the past participles: Here are some examples: Manger - mangé- J’ai mangé toutes mes carottes! Finir- fini- Ils ont fini leurs devoirs. Attendre- attendu- Nous avons attendu le train sur le quai.
 * -er verbs: Drop the –er and add é **
 * -ir verbs: Drop the –ir and add i **
 * -re verbs: Drop the –re and add u **